Henry anwyl jones



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

H A JONES GAS APPARATUS.

No. 584,472. Patented June 15, 1897-.

(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

H. A. JONES GAS APPARATUS.

No, 584,472. Patented June 15,1897.

mines-52$ 1 Inventor,

ElgyAjmea,

Abby-Iggy.

. UNITED STATES- PATE T OFFICE.

HENRY ANWYL JONES, OF NEW ,YORK, N. Y.

GAS-APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 584,472, dated June 15, '1897.

Application filed November-'16, 1894-. Renewed November 18,1896- Berial No. 612,649. (No model.)

' To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY ANWYL JONES, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Producing Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My apparatus generates coal-gas and watergas from soft or hard coal or coke and steam, and also produces oil gas from oilas, for example, from gas naphtha. These gases are combined to form an illuminating-gas. When soft coal is used,'it is charged at the upper end of zigzag gas-retorts, through which it descends and is converted into coke, while the coal-gas is driven ofi and collected in a holder. This coke feeds automatically from the lower ends of the retorts' into the main chamber,

where it is alternately brought into an incandescent heat and acted on by superheated steam to generate water-gas. The water-gas is driven 0E from the main chamber through a boiler, which it helps to heat, into the same holder with the coal-gas. The naphtha is vaporized in an oil-vaporizing chamber heated by specially-formed zigzag steam-pipes, and from this it is conducted into and collected in a separate holder from that used for the coal and water gas. The gases are conducted from the two holders through meters in the desired proportion required to secure the desired candle-power-to a mixing and fixing'retort, where they are brought together and rendered permanent by heating. From this they leave the apparatus herein shown and are conducted through a scrubber and puriher to the distributing-holder.

My improvements in this apparatus consist a in the use of a zigzag coal-gas retort, in combination with various elements of a gas-producing apparatus,in various combinations of the I several elements by which they are economically heated from a single source of heat, in an oil-evaporating apparatus of special construction, and in various other details, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying two sheets of drawings, Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the main chamber and the oil-evaporatin g chamber of my apparatus. Fig. .2 shows the pipe connections of the oil-evaporating chamber, the chamber being in section. Fig. 3 is a top view of a section taken on the line a: w of Fig. 1; and'Fig. 4 is an elevation of the apparatus, on a smaller scale, showing the gasholders and all the connections for'conveyin g gas, but 'forclearness omitting the steam con nections.

That part of my apparatuswhich I term the cupola consists of a main chamber 1,

which is of cylindrical form. When constructedas shown, it is about five feet in diameter and ten feet high and may be of various diameters and heights. Around the sides of the chamber and forminga part of its lining are zigzag coal-gas retorts 2. Each of these retorts, as shown, consists of two angularly-connected inclinedsections; but if" the height of the cupola is increased the other proportions should be enlarged and the sections in each retort should be more numerous. A charging device and valve (shown as one apparatus) is at the top of each retort for charging. It consists'of a cylindrical chamber 3, open on one side, which fits in a cylindrical opening across the upper protruding end of the retort. When this chamber is ro- "tated to bring its opening upward, it is filled with soft coal through the hopper 4, and the coal is discharged into the retort by rotating the chamber so as to bring its opening on the under side. In all positions the'valves seal the retorts and prevent the escape into the air of the coal-gas, and as the gas "is generated it finds its way through the outlets 5 of the retorts, which lead from just below the valves into a pipe 6 encircling the cupola.

As the soft coal descends through the zigzag retorts it is converted into coke, while the coal-gas is driven off. The coal receives support from the lowerincli ned sides of each section, so that when near the bottom of the retorts it will not be unduly packed by that which is above, and as the sections are angularly connected the direction of the descend ing column is changed at each bend and the column broken-up, so as to keep it open and free for the disengagement of gas. There is a flaring downward to prevent any wedging of the descending coal.

The retortsopen downward at the bottom and discharge the fuel from them over the inclined sides of the bos-hes 7 of the main chamber. As these openings haveno valves, the

top of the bed of fuel in the main chamber 11 ust be ashigh as the bottoms of the-retorts automatically replenished from the retorts and the fuel-line maintained even with discharging ends.

The air'for combustion passes through a valve 8 into a pipe 9, encircling the oupola. From this it passes into and down fiues 10 around the interior of the main chamber and into twyers 11, which discharge it under the grate-bars 12'. In descending through the fines the air takes up the heat of the combustion in the main chamber, which would other-' wise be conducted in part through the liningv or pass out oi the chimney and j be lost. As the combustion proceeds the products of coinbustion or generator-gas pass up around the pipes 13 of a tubular boiler, making steam, and then into the chimney 14. The steam is conducted down to a coil surrounding the lower part of the main chamber, where it is superheated. When the combustion is going. on, the steam exhausts into the chimney through a pipe 15 to promote the draft. When the coal has been raised to incandescence, the combustion is stoppedby closing the air-inlet" valve 8. The valve 16 is turned at the-same time, shutting ofl? the steam-jet in the chimtheir ney and directing thesuperheated steam,

through a nozzle 15 into the fire-chamber through the grate-bars. Thesteam acting on the incandescent coalgenerates water-gas. The valve 17' in the chimney is'n-ow closed and the gas is drawn off through the pipe 18, the'valve 19'being opened for the purpose.

This pipe' conducts boththe coal-gas generatedin the retort-and the water-gas generated" in the main ohamber into a holder 20.

Atytheside of the cupola and-attached-to" it is an oil-vaporizing chamber 21. Zigzag steam-pipes 22 with a general verticaldirection are contained in this chamberand are located so that the sections of the zigzags of adjoining pipes alternate under each other. Those sections in the seriesof-[zig'zag pipes which lie under other sections have grooves on their upper sides. Oil'is'fedby a pipe 23 between each pair of steam-pipes through nozzles 24- at the uppermost grooves of the sections. The course of each of the streams.

of oil in descending i'szigzag, for after running down tothe end of any section it drips into the upper end of the groove in the section of the adjoining pipe, and thus alternates back and forth between the pipes until it. is vaporized. The resulting oil-gas is conducted through a pipe 25 to an oilgas holder 26.

By the use of the vaporizing apparatus of the peculiar construction shown I am enabled to thoroughly vaporize the oil without burning any considerable portion of it. Where the oil is vaporized by spraying it into hot gases a large proportion of it is burned.

In the operation of the oil-vaporizer. the

oil-cock leading to the vaporizer is opened and adjusted until the oil is foundto-be evaporated, so that there is no drip of oil fromthe bottom of the grooves, and while only one cock is shown controlling the drips to all the grooves it is obvious that there may be a separate cock for each drip.

From the holders 20 and 26 the mixed gas and the oil-gas are drawn off by pipes 27 28 through meters 29 30 in just such proportions as are necessary for the desired candle-power,

and enter together through a pipe 31 into a i'iicing-retort 32. At the bottom-where they enter their mixingisassisted by passing them up through an open construction of fire-brick. (Indicated bydots in Fig. 4.), The retorthas two branches, joined together at the top, and allof it"but the lower ends of these branches is exposed to the heat-of themain chamber; The'ini'xed' gas passes up one branch, overthe bend at the top, and down the other branch, where it passes 0E" through the pipe 33 to the customary scrubber, purifier,.and' distributing-holder. Ihave shown two such retorts in my apparatus in order togetthe necessary capacity.

Without-limiting myself to the precise dietails shown, what'lfcl'ai'm as new, and d'esi'reto secure by Letters Patent of the United 'States,..

1'. In a gas-producing apparatus, a'g'enerator consisting of a main chamber provided with suitable inlets and" outlets, in combina tion with a zigzag retort. flaring downward.

provided-with an outlet. for..coal-gas audacliarging'd'eviceand'a valve atiits upper. end,

i and a discharge at its lower end into the main chamber, substantially asd'escribed'.

2, In a gas-producing apparatus, agenera:

torconsisting of a main chamber provided with suitable inlets and. outlets, in combine..- tion with a zigzag retort provided with an outlet for coal-gas and a charging device and a.

valve at its upper end, and havingitslower end opening at the fuel-line into the. mainchamber, whereby the latter is automatically.

fed with fuelfrom the retort, substantially as described.

3. In a gas-producing apparatus, a generator consisting of a main chamber provided with suitable inlets for steam and fuel and.

outlets for gas, an oil va'porizing. apparatus consisting of zigzag steam-pipes containedtherein and located so that the sections of the zigzags of adjoining pipes alternate under each other, means for supplying oilto the surface oil the pipe and means for mixing-the gases from the generator and oilevaporizing apparatus, substantially as described.

4. In a gas-producing apparatus, agenera:

tor consisting'of a main chamber provided.

with suitable inlets for steam and fueland outlets for gas, an oil-vaporizing apparatus with zigzag steam-pipes contained therein, and located so that the sections of the zigzags of adjoining pipes alternate under each other, means for supplying oil to the surface of the pipe and a fixing-retort, and connections for mixing the gases from the main chamber and from the oil-vaporizing apparatus and passing them through the fixing-retort, substantially as described.

5. In a gas-producing apparatus, a generator consisting of a main chamber provided with suitable inlets for steam and fuel and outlets for gas, and means for passing steam through the main chamber to produce Watergas, an oil-vaporizing apparatus with zigzag steam-pipes contained therein, and located so that the sections of the zigzags of adjoining pipes alternate under each other, each sec tion having a groove formed in its upper side, permitting the oil to drop from one groove to another until vaporized, an oil-inlet for dropping oil in the upper grooves and a fixing-retort, and connections for, mixing the gases from the main chamber and from the oil-Vaporizing apparatus in suitable quantities and passing them through the fixing-retort, substantially as described.

6. In a gas-producing apparatus, an oilvaporizing chamber, in combination with a series of zigzag steam-pipes contained therein, and located so that the sections of of adjoining pipes alternate under each other, and an oil-inlet for dropping oil onto the zigzag pipes, substantially as described.

7. In a gas-producing apparatus, an oilvaporizing chamber, in combination with the zigzag steam-pipes contained therein and located so that the sections of the zigzag of adjoining pipes alternate under each other, each section being provided with a groove on its upper side, permitting the oil to drop from one groove to another until vaporized, and an oil inlet for dropping oil into the upper groove, substantially as described.

Signed bylne, in New York city, this 15th day of November, 1894,.

HENRY ANWYL' JONES.

In presence of,

THOMAS EWING, Jr., SAMUEL W. BALcH.

the zigzags 

